Flotation performance and adsorption mechanism of novel 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)hex-2-en-1-one oxime flotation collector to malachite

A novel collector 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)hex-2-en-1-one oxime (HPHO) was synthesized from 2-hydroxy acetophenone and butyraldehyde. Its flotation performance and adsorption mechanism to malachite were investigated by flotation test, zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis techniques. Compared with benzohydroxamic acid (BA), 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethan-1-one oxime (HPEO) and sodium isobutyl xanthate (SIBX), HPHO exhibited excellent collecting power to malachite without additional reagents, such as Na₂S regulator and methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC) frother. Results of zeta potential indicated that HPHO was coated on malachite surfaces through a chemisorption process. FTIR and XPS data gave clear evidence for the formation of Cu–oxime complex on malachite surfaces after HPHO adsorption through the linkage between C=C, –OH, N–OH group and Cu species.     

预应力锚索锚固力监测点经济高效布设方法研究

预应力锚索锚固力监测点合理布设是提高边坡稳定性监测可靠性的重要手段，在确保边坡稳定安全的同时，可最大程度上节省工程监测成本。现阶段预应力锚索锚固力监测点布设方案设计多依赖工程经验，具有很强的盲目性并且监测成本较大，尤其对于大型高陡边坡，由于挖方量和边坡加固工程量巨大，如何实现高陡边坡预应力锚索锚固力监测点经济高效布设，保证边坡安全高效监测是目前亟需解决的问题。以广东省江门市迎宾西路某高边坡为研究背景，通过研究锚索的群锚效应和锚索失效后的影响范围，确定了监测点之间的合理布设间距。构建了边坡三维模型，通过数值计算，模拟高边坡开挖全过程，由数值计算结果分析边坡开挖过程中变形失稳的潜在危险区域，进行监测点选择型布设。通过上述方法，实现了该段高陡路堑边坡预应力锚索锚固力监测点的经济高效布设。研究表明：基于群锚效应与三维数值模拟方法，提出的预应力锚索合理布设间距与开挖过程中潜在危险区域重点监测相结合的综合布设优化方案，可合理利用材料和空间、大幅节省监测成本，实现边坡的经济、高效监测。研究成果为高陡路堑边坡稳定性监测点合理布设提供了一种新的思路。     

ABR厌氧/CASS好氧工艺处理养殖废水

养殖废水中有机物及氨氮浓度高，经氨吹脱彬絮凝沉淀池／ABR复合厌氧反应器／CASS好氧反应器／沸石过滤器联合工艺处理后，各项出水指标均优于《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978-1996）的一级排放标准。实践证明，该工艺处理效果良好，具有很好的除磷脱氮效果，但仍存在运行费用偏高、操作及管理困难等问题，需进一步改善从而维持长期的稳定运行。     

单轴压缩条件下白云质灰岩声发射特性

采用完整性、均匀性都较好的白云质灰岩进行单轴压缩声发射试验,试验采用型号为TAW-2000B的数字控制式电液伺服试验机进行加载,采用型号为SDAES的数字声发射检测仪采集声发射信号。研究分析试验后的声发射数据,其结果表明,加载初期AE振铃计数值保持在200~300,然后减小处于稳定期,最后骤然增加出现最大值;AE能量计数值经历稳定阶段后突然增大;AE事件计数率加载初期出现突变现象,接着处于稳定期,加载后期突增并在应力达到岩石单轴抗压强度的80%~90%时出现最大值;岩石的损伤破坏过程中的声发射现象处于不同的状态,说明声发射技术可以用来监测岩石的损伤破坏。     

云南东川铜矿马尾丝状铜矿石特征及成因

东川铜矿位于扬子板块西南缘康滇构造带中,其矿体发育在落雪组白云岩中,典型矿石为马尾丝状铜矿石。本文对马尾丝状铜矿石的宏观和微观特征进行总结,通过ICP-MS和EMPA方法获得铜矿石和白云石主量元素特征,综合收集硫同位素值,对其成因进行探讨。研究表明马尾丝状铜矿石由顺层细矿脉和高角度切层含矿脉组成,两者在结构、构造、矿物组成、Ca/Mg比值等方面基本一致,具有明显的交代结构。容矿岩石表现为砂质层与泥质层互层,顺层细矿脉主要分布于砂质层中,马尾丝状铜矿石的SiO2含量明显高于弱矿化白云岩,说明顺层细矿脉发育于渗透性较好的石英砂质白云岩中。含矿卤水沿断裂构造运移至落雪组白云岩中,向两侧含孔隙度较高的砂质白云岩和叠层石白云岩顺层交代,形成以马尾丝状铜矿石为主的东川式层状铜矿体,马尾丝状铜矿石属于盆地卤水交代成因。     

高应变率下红砂岩"冻伤效应"

对低温冻结红砂岩进行动态冲击实验，研究高应变率下红砂岩动态力学特性的温度效应，运用损伤理论和能量理论，分析不同负温对红砂岩强度、损伤变量及能量耗散的影响，结合断口形貌分析，探究红砂岩在较低负温下动态力学强度出现劣化的原因.研究表明:较低的负温(-30℃后)会使红砂岩出现"冻伤"，导致高应变率下岩石动态力学强度的急剧降低，宏观上则容易出现动力扰动下的瞬时工程灾变.根据断口形貌分析，较低的负温会导致红砂岩内部组成物质间界面处生成大量裂纹，这些裂纹尖端塑性变形能力差，在高应变率加载下极易失稳扩展发生低应力脆性破坏，而胶结物由于组成矿物成分复杂更易受负温影响，因此在动荷载和负温双重作用下往往是胶结物处先产生破坏，进而引起红砂岩整体的破裂.      

Characterisation of coarse composite sphalerite particles with respect to flotation

The flotation response of a typical zinc-lead (Zn/Pb) ore, with respect to coarse composite (sulphide/non-sulphide) particles is reported. The flotation tests were carried out on a selected feed particle size range (−600 + 75 μm, at P₈₀ of 390 μm) and the recovery of Zn composite particles analysed on a size by size basis. The best results were achieved with the use of 75 g/t sodium isopropyl xanthate (SIPX), obtaining a Zn recovery of 77%, with a significant improvement at the coarse end of the particle size distribution. Computerised scanning electron microscope (QEMSCAN) was used to characterise value mineral grain size and degree of liberation, as well as gangue and sphalerite association in particles reporting to both concentrate and tailings. A new characterisation function (Locking ratio, LR) was developed based on the data from the automated mineralogical analysis to characterise particles into two-phase composites with different degree of locking texture (simple and complex). The function, which is based on the mode of occurrence of sphalerite, grain size, proportion and composition of the constituent minerals in each particle, was used to study the flotation response of the particles with different degrees of locking. The results highlight the difference in recoverability of the sphalerite bearing particles with different degrees of locking, with simple locking texture giving higher recovery than complex locking texture, for the same overall liberation.     

Nonlinear robust control of hypersonic aircrafts with interactions between flight dynamics and propulsion systems

This paper addresses the nonlinear robust tracking controller design problem for hypersonic vehicles. This problem is challenging due to strong coupling between the aerodynamics and the propulsion system, and the uncertainties involved in the vehicle dynamics including parametric uncertainties, unmodeled model uncertainties, and external disturbances. By utilizing the feedback linearization technique, a linear tracking error system is established with prescribed references. For the linear model, a robust controller is proposed based on the signal compensation theory to guarantee that the tracking error dynamics is robustly stable. Numerical simulation results are given to show the advantages of the proposed nonlinear robust control method, compared to the robust loop-shaping control approach.     

Microstructure Characteristic and Phase Evolution of Refractory Siderite Ore during Sodium-carbonate-added Catalyzing Carbothermic Reduction

Thermodynamic analysis of refractory siderite ore during carbothermic reduction was conducted.Microstructure characteristics and phase transformation of siderite ore during sodium-carbonate-added catalyzing carbothermic reduction were investigated.X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive analysis of X-rays were used to characterize the reduced samples.Results indicate that the solid reaction between FeO and SiO_2 is inevitable during carbothermic reduction and the formation of fayalite is the main hindrance to the rapid reduction of siderite.The phase transformation of present siderite ore can be described as:siderite-magnetite-metallic iron,complying with the formation of abundant fayalite.Improving the reduction temperature(≤1 050 ℃)and duration is helpful for the formation and aggregation of metallic iron.The iron particle size in the reduced ore was below 20μm,and fayalite was abundant in the absence of sodium carbonate.With 5% Na_2CO_3 addition,the iron particle size in the reduced ore was generally above 50 μm,and the diffraction intensity associated with metallic iron in the XRD pattern increased.The Na_2O formed from the dissociation of Na_2CO_3 can catalyze the carbothermic reduction of the siderite.This catalytic activity may be mainly caused by an increase in the reducing reaction activity of FeO.     

九顶山铜钼矿井下通风系统阻力测定结果分析与对策措施

以九顶山铜钼矿为例,系统介绍矿井通风阻力的测定方法、测点布置及测定路线选择,依据测定结果对矿井通风系统进行合理性分析,并提出降低矿井通风阻力的对策措施。为降低通风电耗、减少通风费用、减少风压损失和保证矿井安全生产提供科学的理论依据。